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Excalibur
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
EPXA IC Excalibur FPGA
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
Introduction This application note discusses Linux operating systems and walks you through the steps of rebuilding the dynamic reconfiguration of Excalibur? devices with Linux demonstration from the source code to a runningboard. The demonstration exhibits the capability of Excalibur devices to perform the following operations:
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
■ run embedded Linux
■ dynamically load and unload device drivers
■ reconfigure the FPGA portion of the Excalibur device without interrupting the operating system or network connectivity
Operating Systems
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
The software requirements of an embedded application are often simple enough that there is no need for an actual operating system—one encompassing while loop is all that is needed. However, some of today's embedded applications are quite complex,
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672 requiring software to manage a large number of tasks and hardware devices simultaneously. In these situations, the advantages of employing an operating system quickly become apparent. Operating systems typically provide the following five basic services:
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
■ Memory management
■ Task scheduling
■ Network connectivity
■ File system
■ Scripting ability
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
Embedded Linux versus Desktop Linux Embedded Linux runs the very same kernel that is run on desktop computers.EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672 The difference is that the resources available in an embedded environment are typically much less than those available on a desktop computer. A strength of Linux is that the kernel is relatively small. Hence, when running Linux on an embedded system, only the features, drivers, and utilities that are needed must be installed. The kernel remains essentially the same.EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
Hardware & Software Requirements
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
To rebuild and run the EPXA1 Linux reconfiguration demonstration, you require the following hardware and software:
■ Root access to a Linux PC with Ethernet connectivity.
■ GNUPro software development tools (version arm9-020528 or
higher)EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
■ Quartus? II software (version 2.2 or higher)
■ MontaVista Linux 2.1 Professional Edition or Preview Kit
■ MontaVista EPXA1 Linux Support Package (LSP)
■ EPXA1 Development Kit
MontaVista Quick Start Guide Before you begin, you must complete the steps described in the Cross-Development Quick Start Guide.
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672 This document is included in MontaVista Linux Professional Edition and in the MontaVista Linux Preview Kit. Install the Demonstration Files The demonstration consists of two zipped tar files: one for the source code, including the kernel, and one for the file system that ultimately resides in flash memory on the target device. To download the files from the Altera FTP site and install them on your Linux PC, perform the following steps:EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
Program the Kernel into Flash
EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672
Now that you have a bootable kernel image, you can burn it into the flash memory on the EPXA1 Development Board so that it can be booted. But first, you must convert it into a .hex file that the flash programmer can read. Additionally, because you have already programmed ARMboot into the bottom of flash memory at 0x0, you should give the kernel an offset so as not to overwrite ARMboot. For this example, you will use an offset of 0x30000. Both of these tasks can be accomplished with the arm-elfobjcopy command.EPXA4F672C3N Altera IC Excalibur FPGA FBGA672